Tuesday, 28 February 2017

Differentiate Truth & Post Truth

Respected Sir,
Here is my response of above mentioned task:-
First i would start with differentiate Truth & Post Truth:-Truth stands for facts & reality while Post Truth stands for incredible yet accepted truth.
Mainly post truth works in political parties where such artificial truths are uses to deal with each other.no doubt except that also there are some fields or in our rutine also we practices it but mostly it's can see in politics.sometimes values or rules are applied forcefully on us or sometimes it's depend upon us too to follow but it's ultimately has no life to move furthur with some good impacts & actully it's decrese the charm or significance of real truth.
Truth is general while post truth deals accordingly.for example:-In politics we can see that how one party behaves with another & how it's all come into existance that matters behind all.now a days except BJP there are no such significance of another political leaders that shows that how our ways of thinking,post truth works there.our mindset that constructs accordingly that except this no any party give us bright future & though present one has also weaknesses yet it's hide behind our thinking on others & today remaining parties are also becomes less active & conscious about us & ruling one can easily gets benefits of that.it's only happen due to our prejudice or constructed mindset towards that & under such artificial truths we have to come across some hardships too because after all it's against truth.
Thank You.
Post-truth: The Word of the Year 2016
Post-truth: The Word of the Year 2016

Intercultural Communication by Claire Kramsch

Hello Everyone,
Here is my interpretation on the research work by Claire Kramsch on Intercultural Communication:-
Introduction:-
Intercultural or Cross cultural communication is an interdisciplinary field of research that studies how people understand each other across group boundaries of various sorts.
Background:-
The term intercultural communication became prominent in TESOL only in 1980s,as the necessary supplement to communicative language teaching that first developed in Europe in the early 1970s.
Hall gave rise to simulation games,studies of critical incidents where miscommunication occurred.the field of intercultural communication grew out of the practical, competitive needs of the post second World War.in Europe it was a direct outcome of the social & political upheavals created by the large scale immigration into the industrialized countries.
The major facets of human interaction that intercultural communication has helped to define are:-
The situation of communication itself
The stereotypes they entertain of each other
Their non verbal & para verbal behaviour
The way they save their own & each other's face
The way they structure their discourse to meet their communicative goals
The attitudes,values & beliefs they share with others
The way their language reflects deeper discourses
The way members of various group realise different speech acts
Research:-
There was major concerns in it to help FSI(foreign services institutions) officers to interact with people in the foreign countries to which they were dispatched.
Hall's concept of High context communication was there.
Many intercultural researchers were influenced by work in cross cultural psychology. (Segall:1979)
Linguistics entered the field with Kaplan's (1966) contrastive study of the various rhetorical patterns found in the writing of ESL learners.
The Scollon focus on the professional discourse between Americans & East Asian.
Intercultural communication moves into a critical examination systems of thought.
Practice:-
English teachers aware of the cultural dimension of language as social interaction.
One has to know how to say,what to,whom to,at the right time in the right place along with grammar.
Teaching intercultural communication in a TESOL class has been pretty much a one way street.
Current & future trends & directions:-
Intercultural communication in the US has traditionally been a relatively apolitical field of research, grounded primarily in psychology & the behavioral sciences.
The rise of cultural studies & critical pedagogy has brought issues of conflict, power & control within the scope of intercultural communication as a field of reason.
Intercultural communication will have to deal with shifting identities & cross cultural nnetworks rather than with autonomous individuals located in the stable & homogeneous national cultures.
For the English teacher, new directions include looking at the social & historical conditions of teaching intercultural communication through English.
Thank You.
Photo

Existentialism: Video Resources

Respected Sir,
Here below is my interpretation on above mentioned videos & my preference on one out of all & also something about some special benefits that I gain after practicing Flipped Learning:-
Video 1:-
Existentialism:-It mainly popular among young generation where some emotions are easily & highly comes in light. Basically it concerns with individual than community.Our choices makes us individual. Our belief & desires gives us identity as individual.
Video 2:-
The myth of Sisyphus:-Our thinking is the base of every situation from where Absurdity started in life.It talks on lack of profound or prolific reason of living & it turns to an individual act may be Suicide. Reference from movie Stay also has such same ideas.(An elegant suicide is the ultimate work of art.)
Video 3:-
Philosophical Suicide:-Absurdity is not in man nor in the world but it's in the both's presence.if there is no Human Being then there is no desire then there is no satisfaction & ultimately then there is no philosophical Suicide. Before facing any problems one should know possible challenge as well as solution instead of facing it directly.Religion believes that there is some reason beyond all but in actual sense there is nothing reasons are useless.
Video 4:-
Dadaism & Existentialism:-It focus on becoming free from everything. A quest for change matters here.it's not content any values & if any then it will definitely against of existed values itself. One should not follow the values that exists by other. Question values rather than create it. Being an odd movement it concerns with making own rules as well.
Video 5:-
Existentialism & Gloomy Philosophy:-Our notions like anxity,despair & absurdity forces to argue on solution of life.Believing in God or truth that is true to us or being absurd has the support of our own judgement. After all we as a human being judge every values & meaning of life.individual doesn't mean you are divert yourself. Existentialism responds emptiness of absurdity & despair.after world war life filled with despair & it becomes meaningless there Die or think on who you are is remains question.
Video 6:-
Existentialism & Nihilism:-These both are differ from each other.it's against that leads far us from living life fashionably & appreciated.against actually from Christianity.the notion of a beyond is the death of life itself. Existentialism is opposed to Nihilism. After existentialism's thinking Nihilism comes. Path of seeing may be the same but way of thinking differs.
Video 7:-
Existentialism:-Gabriel Marcel started to work on it. We individual are responsible for creating meaning in our life.ultimately we all are living in chaotic & meaningless universe. Father of existentialism Kierkegaard talks on the crises of human existence.our desires can filled by chance & faith & believing in existentialism emphasis on it.
Video 8:-
Introduction to Existentialism:-What existentialism is not..? It's not a philosophical system.it best viewed as a movement.it concerns with life that Human beings are living.it rejects the system which proposes to have definitive answers to the question of meaning & purpose in life.it's not purely divine perspective for human but it's a perspective of human being.
Existence proceeds Essence:-Like Aristotle every substance or things has as essence.acting in full accordance with reason has essence of human nature.those who see humans as being designed by a God also hold that our essence proceeds existence.
Existentialism vs Nihilism:-In existentialism one can create their own personal or subjective meaning while in Nihilism there is no personal or subjective meaning.overcoming Nihilism does not depict on individual but to create meaning, values & purpose for one's self.
Video 9:-
Existentialism & Friedrich Nietzsche:-We can make our own rules.making of rules is basically highlighted here.Ubermenschen Superhero of Nietzsche serves our wills & desires.individual is remains in the center.
After watching all videos i would like to give my preference to two videos out of them.
Very first video gives brief but yet helpful ideas of Existentialism.as it has no value except our wills.life has no meaning until it can't lived. Feedbacks of lived once signifies here.
Choice-Freedom-Responsibilty=Individual.
Existentialism comes as Optimistic.
Video 4 has also according to me some glimpse that can clear the ideas between two term such as Dadaism & Existentialism.Existentialism emerged after world war 2 & it can be compared with Dadaism movement.itmainly question the exists values & does not follow it.instead of following values of others one should think to make their own.
At last i would say something about the way of learning through such impressive as well as suggestive teaching process.Flipped Learning is an experimental key to learn.To organize & present content may be simple but it will be more prominent that can inspire to focus on particular content deeply. Flipped Learning is the best specimen to practice here.instead of traditional teaching here something new is attempting that's call Flipped Learning.
Through group discussion & interaction we may not be attentive while learning but individually if we try to learn it will be beneficial to us as it has creativity in subject matters.if i talk about present task then i would say that after practicing such flipped learning i can be enough clear for the concept of Existentialism & how some particular terms can also be compared with it.with some more clarification & easy way i can unfederated the concept after being a part of Flipped Classroom Learning.
Thank You.
Existentialism: Video Resources
Existentialism: Video Resources

'Waiting For Godot':-

Respected Sir,Here is my interpretation on the movie screening of 'Waiting For Godot':-
1)A country road, Tree & Evening (Setting):-Samuel Blackett's the present play 'Waiting for Godot' intentionally focus on the setting part where country road,tree & evening are symbolizes well.painting 'Longing' has such significance to present here something. With some slight changes it can pounder on the past incidents too where World War 2 is images deliberately or indirectly can see through garbage or unconstructed things.evening falls by rising of moon even signifies the hope of Godot's coming & tree has equal significance to depicts something there.
2)Importance of Tree:-With the two sides of perspective it can be pointed out. First positive side, where barren tree of very initial act become growing in the second one that may shows the sign of Godot's coming, it may be the sign of hope.another side if we try to see then it has no such connection at all.as it's can considered natural rule of the nature & it has nothing beyond there too.another interpretation of some newly growing leaves can be as the sign of better condition of human beings after time passes though they are victimized from War.
3)Coming of night & moon:-Here fall of evening & rise of moon clearly signs towards the darkness of life.in both the act this scene is depicted & it pointed out somehow the end of both the character.after meaningless waiting they ultimately goes nearer to the end. Sunset itself shows the ending of light & beginning of darkness.
4)Debris in the setting:-Unconstructed properties that we can find spreads there is a sign of World War 2 where such damage was happen & from there may be it can try to connect with the barrenness of Vladimir & Estragon that they have in their life & to be free from that may be they are in wait for the Godot.
5)'Nothing to be done':-Nothingness is the central idea of the play where characters are immensely waiting for Godot but in actual sense it's quite worthless.no means of their end(purpose),it's endless as well as hopeless.throughout the play,they communicate & act with some pause but it's all seems meaningless at the end where we come to know that ultimate waiting is worthless.it has nothing to filled & they still waiting is the sign of nothingness itself.
6)'Waiting for Godot' as a positive play:-Life goes on,no matter what we are gaining or losing.same here,in this play we can see that nothing happens,nobody comes,nobody seen yet Vladimir & Estragon have some hope for Godot that one day Godot will come.even with some Bibical refrence of 'One Day' shows the positive side of the play where hope remains till the end & they continuos it through waiting only.even suicide they don't do & by "Let's Go" the play ends that shows the desire to fight till the end by waiting for Godot.
7)Props(Hat & Boots):-Beginning of the play by this two props shows the connection between the intention of the writer & message that it passes.Hat on the head shows the intelactuality of the person & Boots shows the physical power that they have yet it at some point question the mentality as well as physical strength when they react uncertainly & changing Hat may signs it well,another is when pain on the leg they feel it shows the suffer of life.
8)Lucky's irritating behaviour:-Sometimes we can get chance to be free from some constructions yet we can't grab the opportunities bacause we are habituated with that construction of mind already,it can't permit us to think beyond.Lucky knows well that his master has no power to see anything yet he don't go away from him & serving him as before that question the real meaning of freedom which such character misinterpretes that by serving masters they get enjoynment & do not think for self even.this can call stupidity than loyalty that question why they can't think to get rid of & it matters here.
9)Who is Godot..?:-Godot as God:-Ending of suffer can connect it,that can be possible by God only.no significance of human being remains or matters there.Godot as Desire,Ambition or Goal:-Waiting till the end shows the crave to reach towards the final destination that is goal to see & meet Godot,to be free from problems & having good life many desired there it in a means of Godot.Godot as Death:-It shows the ultimate journey of the life where waiting may end & itself turns with the sign of death.Moon supports this idea well in it.
10)Waiting as the subject of the play instead of Godot:-Changing hat,wearing boots,doing exersice,glimpse on nature,tries to hang out & such other uncertain & at some point funny activities repeatedly doing by the character that is all about waiting,passing the time to see & meet the Godot.no doubt they waiting for godot but their waiting itself lasts till the end & even may continuos & it shows the attraction as well as crave for Godot ultimately that is the person who is completely unknown to them yet immense wait of their matters a lot here.from there it can highlighted there the ultimate destination of them for Godot.direction matters than the destination.
11)Can such plays can be read than viewed:-Definately,it can be read better than viewed.such plays have some limitations in the matter of dialogues & setting where being a audience we wants or requires some space to think deeply at a time or some connection with the space we wants to get actually accordingly.but with some drawbacks of such plays in the sense of audio visuality we can see that how much misinterpretation or irritation we may suffer there.so it can't fill the requirements of us & that's why seems something absence there to connect exactly.
12)Sequence of the play that i likes the most:-Vladimir-Estragon killing time in question & conversation while waiting:-It mainly focus on the actuality of life where communication matters a lot to continue as well as moves the life ahead & conversation between they both has such significance to display where how we are looking actually in the form of them & whatever they acts is also similar to us that we regularly feels throughout the life. Though they are waiting meaninglessly can represents us.by their talk & walk towards the path of Godot by killing time how we purchases moments can also read here yet we are used to.
13)Meaninglessness of human existence in the irrational & indifference universe:-If we come to know that whatever we suffer,whatever we struggle turns to meaningless act then what happens to us..?can't we think to modify it..?no,may be it's not in our hand to control. That's why repentance of both the character can shows there.delay of Godot they considered & connect with the punishment of God & it ultimately shows the meaninglessness of their waiting similarly we are also have thinking to possess. Instead of enjoining the movements we mostly waste it by doing & passing time in stupid things that has no actual life ever to carry further so present has such significant role than the ultimate destination.
14)Idea of Hanging:Hanging may be the way of solution to get rid from suffer & problems but it's never can give justice to us & same way Vladimir & Estragon think on it & they postponed the idea of hanging themselves & it's shows the hidden fear of God.rather praying or serving why we fearing from the God that may question here.afraid from the God instead of loving him.yet it shows the challenge to be live not die.
15)Political reading of the play:-Master-Slave relationship & selection of names can be read with the political angle. When Irishman make fun of Englishman by pronouncing the word 'Clam' may also pointed here with the same context. Yet to convey history & relate further community with it one should have wider vision to carry but Pozzo's blindness may drop it at some point. I think on the other hand Vladimir & Estragon many a time in between tries to pounder on the past that shows it diffrently.(Scene of saving Estragon by Vladimir during the incident of falling into the river.)
16)Beckett meant Pozzo to be Englishman & Lucky to be Irishman:-Being a writer one can use his personal refrences & reaction through the work to pointed something new & same here Samuel Beckett also tries to depict the idea of Irishman & Englishman.it can be read as the mentality of the writer towards such community.where one suffer under the rules of powerman & it brings through Pozzo & Lucky.fun on Englishman & satire through some scene can be read with the intension of the writer here.


Thank You.
Worksheet: Screening Movie Waiting for Godot
Worksheet: Screening Movie Waiting for Godot

The Birthday Party

Resected Sir,
Here below is my interpretation on the movie screening 'The Birthday Party'..
1)Two scenes of Lulu omitted from the movie:-
Two scenes of Lulu if omitted from the movie then it normally has no such differences that one can find there.to give the particular shape to the work also writer may be prefer to include extra things & reduce something that burden the content part of the work.another point can be there is as i think of Lulu's personality that has no such significance to carry out the flow further with some special effect.
As Anton Chekhov told something can relates here that if starting part is points out on The Gun on the wall then it should be blast or resulted till the end anyhow.
It means no single word should be there that may disturb the work of art.it can be connect here where repetition omitted intentionally may be or meaningless act may keeps away from the central focus.
2)The effect of Menace in the movie:-
Brief on Menace:-Threats, Dangerous or Frightened
'The Birthday Party' by Harold Pinter has such fearful elements to conveys the central idea or concept of the work.audiovisual technique has some particular significance than the written work to attract or catch the attention of the audiences & it's can also lasts our interest till the end.one can imagine the sight while reading the text but he can closely feel it while watching the film version of that.there are so many scenes one can find with better effect to connect the dots & his personal interest with the work through the movie screening than the mere reading of the text.
Such as:-Tearing the newspaper,
Beating the drums,
Knocking the door,
Screaming of Lulu & Meg during become physically victimizers.
Rattling the crockery in the kitchen
These all at some point can be successful to give the impact of Menaces & that can be very much feel by the audience too.apart from these types of audio images some visual effect can be considered with the same.
When darkness is shows there.
Early morning & symbol of street light are there yet hidden darkness (physical attack on Meg & Lulu & Stanley from strangers, Political atmosphere between the characters) that deliberately tries to pointed out there is mattes a lot.
3)The effect of lurking danger while viewing the movie:-
As i mentioned in above answer that visual effect can be more eye catchy in the movie screening in compare to the reading the text.same as from very starting of the screening we can see that how beautifully the director used his technique to portrays the decided impulses on the minds of audience through the unknown man's entering scene & sounds of some things. Without pre-information it may hard to identity who that man is..?yet it definitely has something that makes us ready to think on it once.it can shows us lurking danger too.
The game of Blind Man's Buff can be mentioned with the same.when women has to be victimized of men that can be hard to read in the text.
4)My reading of the Newspaper scene in the movie:-
The scene of Newspaper can be read differently in the matter of different characters.
Such as:-Petey an old man reading newspaper is quite differs from the way of McCann's reading of the same.
It can be symbolises differently:-Power position
Hiding the self identity behind
Particular context reading like the present work
News event from that newspaper which Petey was read has some impact to leave behind. Where the issue of Baby child arises & Meg argued with Petey & also question on that as he was not be able to filled her that wish after a long time too.
So it's may comes as helplessness of Petey.
Newspaper tearing by McCann may sounds differ here.when he do this it shows the real situation of Stanley by him (McCann) where he himself parted significantly.sounds also support there.
Hiding the tearing pieces of paper by Petey in last scene may shows us the another sign of his helplessness where he may tries to hide the harsh reality of Stanley that he can't advocate as well as prove & Meg's memory power also has no such strength that can support him so it's another point to deal with.
5)Positioning of Camera while The Blind Man's Buff,the game was playing:-
Very sharply the director used this technique of putting camera angels into particular situation. Where in the game of The Blind Man's Buff,during the celebraton of Stanley's birthday McCann very freely tries to catch someone while during the turn of Stanley he act as he tries to free himself first it shows the suppressed condition of him.there camera also moves accordingly.in some other situations when McCann searches,it moves on his condition with the capture of surroundings & it turns to above when it's pointed out Stanley's turn in the game that seems as the cage in which he is trapped.
Another supportive things comes as drums when camera moves there it's broken by Stanley that may refer to his actual depressed condition as an artist.limitations of any artists can be shows here too.characters are not in covered eyes there but it's may camera that tries to shows us it through itself.
6)Reference of Art,Truth & Politics in the movie:-
Yes,i definitely agree with this reference where in a very little stage it performs that may signs towards the kind condition of the characters. Openness is empty there,no serious thoughts can exchange there. Stanley's behavior or act of closing the windows may shows his helplessness of being a rant member of Meg & Petey so apart from this many dialogues are also there.
Some are trivial where confusion may arises from reader's side to favoured one of the character.but at the end how Stanley has to face undone situation & Meg & Petey being unaware from that can considered as known to Stanley but unknown to his condition.mercy is there but reading comes differ ultimately.
7)With some characteristics the movie give better understanding of the play:-
Painteresque,Pause, Silence, Menace & Lurking danger obviously these all techniques are very well connected here with the content of the play in the movie to give quite enough understanding to the audience that may not be possible to get while reading.
For that pause & silence we have to focus on camera angel first where each & every minute moves the director tries to cover & shows the exact area of the theme there.
Such techniques deliberately using by them to give enough justice to the audience as well as their work.in which audience can take time to pounder on particular static situation & can evaluate the art in a better way through that's point of view. Lurking danger can also shows through it in which particular situation tries to include & on that base it reflect the threat & fear at last.
8)I agree with the below observation:-
"It's impossible to imagine a better film of Pinter's play than this sensitive, disturbing version directed by William Friedkin."
As the present film has possible & required elements to reflect the techniques that may Pinter wanted to convey thorough his play. Lack of understanding if happen then it may depends on personal or individual perspective than general that can give the scope to make it better than this too.
9)If i can be a director or screenplay writer,for this movie if i say that i would prefer to change nothing special but there may be the requirement of justice at the end to Stanley at least. Defect of memory power of Meg should not be there & she should at least support Stanley there.
10)My choice of actor should be Stanley no doubt, as he has some quality of an artist though he has limitations yet it can be considered as a representative of that areas of our society who are victimization like him & how they have to suffer can also see & question & through such character who if remain in the center then can highlighted their position as well as the aim within them too.
Thank You.

The Da Vinci Code


Respected Sir,here is my interpretation on mentioned task:

This novel is not anti-Christian because Dane Brown has not said Christianity is fake or anything wrong but he just proved that the how thing s are going on the name of religion. He proves does it God which we believe? Or is it else?
I think it also doubt on other story that which one is real means it creates the confusion in the mind of people. How can we say it is an entertaining story because it ever creates the idea that Does God exist or not? Means it creates the chaotic situation between theist and atheist.

In “Da Vinci Code” Dane brown described the new order of living life as destroy the idea of such ritual which is done on the name of God. He may want to reveal the secret of Christianity so people can come out of illusion. How people are making criminal to those who do not believe on such rituals. There is secret in the narrative and may secret will damage the reality so Robert Legdone kept secret.In the biblical narration there is the constructed idea of God so human beings always remain in the box and if they try then fear mechanism work on them. It’s now become a business of people to earn fame or money. Bible also differentiated the relation of human beings as male and female even the works of both are different. It also says human beings have freedom don’t try to go against the rule of God which leads to detry self.

Ophelia and Elizabeth are harassed by their husband and they can’t raise their voice as they are living in such order of family. These both are escaping from the life. Hester Prynne is also not raised her voice but she has also not accept as she is a sinner. She faced problems and then she out casted. Harmione and Sophie seemed intellectual.
Majority are used as sexual object or showcase of male like Ophelia, Hester and Harmione. Sophie is genuine as only one kiss which is a formal thing for western world. All these characters have struggled in their life because of male.


Modern Literature-"Quality"(Short story)

Hello Everyone,
Here is something about Modern Literature where existence of Technology entered  & effect of that new change has experienced with the context of a Short Story written by John Galsworthy "Quality".
No one like to be ready for work from tired, bored sleep of last night & wake up in the morning. Only thought of get ready for work may makes people in a bad mood.rarely one can find someone who is differ from this & especially if I talk about this with addition to keeping in mind the modern time where everything is set up through machines & technology. No hard or real work people have to do in their fields like before.
Here is a short story on such figure who is a representation of that past where work demands hardship & real practice from workers. No particular machinery was used to make any items or things of routine use & present story's main character named Mr. Gessler had same habit to be dedicated towards the work.As a Shoe Maker he made what was ordered, never taking ready made shoes down from the shelf. He wanted each pair of boots to be a custom fit to each individual & for every pair he made,he used a pattern taken from the customer's foot size.
Dedication for work only resulted in a right manner when it done by some hardships,self interest & enough practice instead of only be supportive on new machinery that in an actual sense decrease the value of things as well as art. As Modern Literature also pointed out the same features.
In addition to that, when Mr.Galsworthy came to Mr. Gessler for ordered his shoes, as a integral shoe maker he noticed that Mr.Galsworthy had shoes that made by advertisement not by work that means it was ready made no hand work done on it.with the development of story we comes to know that how Mr.Gessler is forced to sacrifice half of his shop to a big business just because of his weak physical condition as Dr.Quoted that "The man died due to slow stravation."& his entire life's sacrifice for his work lead him towards a terrible stage of his life at the end.when machinery gets sound & voice of real art pressured under authority at some point such figures comes out with serious concern but hopeless recovery.Mass production take place of individual real handy arts & forced us to think on it as a participator of New Modern Era.

Thank You.